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International Journal of Implant Dentistry

Table 4 Mismatch between planned and placed implant position regarding apical, coronal and angulation deviation as well as vertical discrepancy (mean, standard deviation [SD], minimum [min], maximum [max]) according to the operator, gap situation, jaw assignment, and implant length

From: Evaluation of the accuracy of fully guided implant placement by undergraduate students and postgraduate dentists: a comparative prospective clinical study

Factor potentially influencing implant accuracy

Group affiliation (number of implants)

Apical deviation

Coronal deviation

Angulation deviation

Vertical discrepancy

Mean ± SD (mm)

Min (mm)

Max (mm)

p-value

Mean ± SD (mm)

Min (mm)

Max (mm)

p-value

Mean ± SD (°)

Min (°)

Max (°)

p-value

Mean ± SD (mm)

Min (mm)

Max (mm)

p-value

Operator

Postgraduate dentists (n = 20)

0.97 ± 0.35

0.25

1.70

0.245

0.63 ± 0.25

0.09

1.01

0.745

2.92 ± 1.16

1.08

5.13

0.185

0.47 ± 0.24

0.05

0.90

0.433

Undergraduate students (n = 20)

1.17 ± 0.58

0.18

2.42

0.80 ± 0.56

0.14

2.04

3.75 ± 1.86

1.54

8.56

0.56 ± 0.60

0.02

2.01

Gap situation

Inter-dental gap (n = 34)

1.01 ± 0.43

0.19

2.12

0.130

0.66 ± 0.40

0.09

2.01

0.069

3.29 ± 1.61

1.08

8.56

0.622

0.46 ± 0.42

0.02

2.01

0.096

distal extension (n = 6)

1.41 ± 0.63

0.75

2.42

1.03 ± 0.55

0.52

2.04

3.55 ± 1.60

1.73

5.34

0.81 ± 0.56

0.34

1.85

Jaw

Upper

(n = 10)

1.11 ± 0.48

0.66

2.12

0.827

0.86 ± 0.50

0.26

2.01

0.274

3.51 ± 1.73

1.74

6.81

1.00

0.59 ± 0.58

0.04

2.01

0.794

Lower

(n = 30)

1.05 ± 0.49

0.19

2.42

0.67 ± 0.41

0.09

2.04

3.27 ± 1.57

1.08

8.56

0.49 ± 0.41

0.02

1.85

Implant length

8–9 mm

(n = 18)

1.15 ± 0.48

0.42

2.12

0.328

0.81 ± 0.45

0.19

2.01

0.174

3.17 ± 1.33

1.54

6.54

0.587

0.54 ± 0.52

0.04

2.01

0.957

10–11 mm (n = 22)

1.01 ± 0.49

0.19

2.42

0.64 ± 0.42

0.09

2.04

3.47 ± 1.79

1.08

8.56

0.49 ± 0.40

0.02

1.85

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