Table 3 Summary of subperiosteal implants location, characteristics, design, and manufacture
From: Clinical performance of additively manufactured subperiosteal implants: a systematic review
Authors | Implant material | Manufacturing technique | Implant location (maxilla/mandible) | Implant design | Implant surface (bone face) | Implant fixation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mangano et al. [40] | Ti grade V | DMLS (direct metal laser sintering) | Posterior mandible | Buccal and lingual arms for implant fixation. Tapered posts for prosthetic cementation | Porous | Osteosynthesis screws Buccal and lingual |
Van den Borre et al. [36] | Ti grade 23 | Additive manufacture (technique not specified in the text) | Maxilla | 2-piece implants (bilateral) splinted by the prostheses. On each piece: Fixation vestibular arms (2), prosthetic connecting posts (3) | Porous | Osteosynthesis screws Buccal arms |
Van den Borre et al. [39] | Ti grade 23 | Additive manufacture (technique not specified in the text) | Maxilla | 2-piece implants (bilateral) splinted by the prostheses. On each piece: Fixation vestibular arms (2), prosthetic connecting posts (3) | Porous | Osteosynthesis screws Buccal arms |
Chamorro Pons et al. [41] | Ti | Additive manufacture (technique not specified in the text). Micro-milled connections | Maxilla | Bilateral main structure with detachable arms (2 or 3 pieces). 6 prosthetic connecting posts (external hexagonal or conical connection). 0.8 mm maximum thickness | N.A | 14 to 16 osteosynthesis screws (Ø1.5 mm) |
Cebrián et al. [29] | Ti | Sinterization | Maxilla | Titanium mesh/plate and prosthetic connecting posts (4 or 6). External hexagonal connection (universal, 4.1 mm) | N.A | Osteosynthesis screws |
Nemtoi et al. [42] | Ti | DMLS (direct metal laser sintering). Post-mechanization | 11/16 Maxilla; 5/16 Mandible | 0.7 mm thickness. Arms for fixation with osteosynthesis screws | Rough | Osteosynthesis screws |
Cerea et al. [43] | Ti grade V | DMLS (direct metal laser sintering) | Maxilla or mandible (no further information available) | Buccal and lingual arms for implant fixation. Tapered posts for prosthetic cementation | Polished (electroerosion) | Osteosynthesis screws |
Dimitroulis et al. [44] | Ti | Laser sintering | 18/21 Maxilla; 3/21 Mandible | Buccal and lingual arms for implant fixation. At least 8 screws placed buccally and additionally, 2 or more in lingual/palatal position. Tapered posts | N.A | Osteosynthesis screws (Ø2 mm in the mandible and Ø1.6 mm in the maxilla) |
Mounir et al. [45] | Ti grade 23 (group 1) | EBM (electron beam melting) | Anterior maxilla | Buccal plate/mesh, buccal holes for the osteosynthesis screws (Ti implants meshed with 2.3 mm holes) and cylindric posts (3 to 6) for prosthetic connection (cemented) | Rough (acid-etching) | Osteosynthesis screws (Ø2 mm) |
Gellrich et al. [46] | Ti grade 23 | SLM (selective laser melting) | Maxilla (1/4), Mandible (3/4) | Anchorage framework with holes for multiple osteosynthesis screw. Prosthetic posts for internal conventional implant connection, ball attachment system or external conical (telescopic) crow connection | N.A | Osteosynthesis screws |
Korn et al. [47] | Ti grade 23 | SLM | Maxilla | Anchorage framework with holes for multiple osteosynthesis screw. Four connection posts | N.A | Osteosynthesis screws (Ø1.5–2 mm) |
Rahlf et al. [48] | Ti grade 4 | SLM | Maxilla | Anchorage framework with holes for multiple osteosynthesis screw. Two to four connection posts | N.A | Osteosynthesis screws (Ø1.5 mm) |
Korn et al. [49] | Ti grade 23 | SLM | Maxilla | Anchorage framework with holes for multiple osteosynthesis screw. Two to four connection posts | N.A | Osteosynthesis screws (Ø1.2–2 mm) |