Table 1 Features of the included studies
Study | Implant system/number of implants (n) | Marker type/volume | Loading parameters/follow-up period | Method of evaluation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Zipprich et al. 2016 | Ankylos, osseospeed, straumann, Nobel active, Osstem, Bego, Biomet3i, camlog, Xive splus, blueSKY/n = 70 | Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Veillonella parvula | 0–200 N, 1,200,000 cycles, 30° angle | Inward |
2. Koutouzis et al. 2016 | Astra, osseospeed/n = 40 | Escherichia coli DH5α | 160 N, 500,000 cycles, 1 Hz, 30° angle | Inward |
3. Koutouzis et al. 2014 | Implant One Fixtures/n = 40 | Escherichia coli DH5α | Unloaded group: 5 days loaded group: 50 N, 500,000 cycles, 1 Hz, 30° angle | Inward |
4. Koutouzis et al. 2011 | Ankylos, Straumann/n = 28 | Escherichia coli DH5α | 15 N, 500,000 cycles, axial loading | Inward |
5. Tripodi et al. 2015 | Universal II CM, Implacil, De Bortoli, Sao Paulo, Brasils/n = 20 | Enterococcus faecalis, 0.1 μL | 120 N, 500,000 cycles, 1 Hz, 90°, 14 days | Outward |
6. Ozdiler et al. 2018 | Ankylos, bego, Trias, DTI/n = 84 | Enterococcus faecium, 8 mL | 50 N, 500,000 cycles, 1 Hz, 30° angle, 4 days | Inward |
7. do Nascimento et al. 2012 | SIN, Sistema de Implante Nacional/n = 60 | human saliva (200 μL for unloaded/500 μL for loaded) | Unloaded group: 7 days loaded group: 120 N, 5,000,000 cycles, 1.8 Hz, axial loading | Inward |
8. Wachtel et al. 2019 | Nobel active/n = 10 | Enterococcus faecium, 6.5 μL | 50 N, 1,200,000 cycles, 2 Hz, 30° angle | Outward |
9. Ortega-Martínez et al. 2022 | MIS Implants Technologies Ltd/n = 48 | 2% methylene blue solution | 14 N–160 N, 1,200,000 cycles, 15 Hz, 30° angle | Inward |
10. He et al. 2019 | Mozo Grau, Spain/n = 20 | Silver nitrate solution, 1 mL | 1000 cycles for each load level, load level: 50, 70, 90, and 100 N for group 1 and 20, 40, 60, and 80 N for group 2. 1 Hz, 30° angle | Inward |
11. Amjadi et al. 2021 | Tapered Screw‑Vent, Zimmer Dental/n = 20 | Escherichia coli | Unloaded: 5 days, loaded group: 120 N, 500,000 cycles, 1 Hz | Inward |
12. Pautke et al. 2009 | IMZ, twin plus dentsply/n = 60 | Escherichia coli, 3 μL | 50–500 N, 5 Hz, 1,000,000 cycles, | Outward |
13. Li et al. 2019 | Nobel Replace CC, Straumann, Wego/n = 30 | Toluidine blue, 3 μL | 20–200N, 2 Hz, 48 h | Outward |
14. Alves et al. 2016 | /n = 48 | Escherichia coli, 75 mL | 120 N, 500,000 cycles, 2 Hz, 30° angle | Inward |
15. Scarano et al. 2015 | Universal II HI and CM, Implacil, De Bortoli, Sao Paulo, Brasil/n = 60 | Toluidine blue, 0.7 μL | 20–300 N, 6,000,000 cycles, 4 Hz, 30° angle | Outward |
16. Larrucea Verdugo et al. 2014 | MG Mozo-Grau Osseous, MG Mozo-Grau InHex/n = 42 | 0.2% Methylene blue | Occlusal load cycles of axial direction to the implant of 2000 cycles of 10k every 0.5 s | Inward |
17. Ellakany et al. 2021 | Ankylos/n = 48 | Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 200 μL | 120 N, 5,000,000 cycles, 2 Hz, axial load, 7 days | Inward |