Fig. 1

Sagittal cross-sections at each measurement location Mandibular coordinate axis and sagittal cross-sections at each measurement location. A The X-axis indicates mesiodistal axis. The Y-axis indicates the implant body axis. The Z-axis indicates the buccolingual axis. B (a) Implant neck, buccal side; (b) central part of the implant, buccal side; (c) implant apex; (d) implant neck, lingual side; (e) central part of the implant, lingual side; (f) cortical bone at the base of the mandible, buccal side; (g) cortical bone at the base of the mandible; (h) cortical bone at the base of the mandible, lingual side