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Table 1 Comparison of mean removal torque values (Ncm) for the abutment screws in all groups

From: Implant-abutment screw removal torque values between customized titanium abutment, straight titanium abutment, and hybrid zirconia abutment after a million cyclic loading: an in vitro comparative study

Abutment/Number of cycles

Mean removal torque value (Ncm) ± SD

% of mean removal torque value loss compared to the initial

Post hoc Dunnett’s T3 test of mean removal torque (P-value)

ST/0

HZ/0

CT/0

ST/50,000

HZ/50,000

CT/50,000

ST/1,000,000

HZ/1,000,000

ST/0

28.64 ± 0.63

–

        

HZ/0

28.43 ± 0.52

–

1.000

       

CT/0

27.44 ± 0.86

–

0.621

0.769

      

ST/50,000

23.94 ± 1.70

19.63%

0.050

0.062

0.158

     

HZ/50,000

23.23 ± 1.16

22.38%

0.003

0.005

0.011

1.000

    

CT/50,000

22.46 ± 1.64

22.17%

0.013

0.017

0.030

0.991

1.000

   

ST/1,000,000

23.71 ± 1.11

20.79%

0.004

0.006

0.019

1.000

1.000

0.988

  

HZ/1,000,000

21.82 ± 5.60

30.29%

0.562

0.591

0.748

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

 

CT/1,000,000

22.42 ± 2.46

22.39%

0.076

0.088

0.157

0.999

1.000

1.000

0.999

1.000

  1. ST straight titanium abutment, HZ hybrid zirconia abutment, CT customized titanium abutment