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Table 2 Multiple publications of the same study

From: Esthetic, mechanical, and biological outcomes of various implant abutments for single-tooth replacement in the anterior region: a systematic review of the literature

• Büchi et al. 2014 [23], Thoma et al. 2016a [47] and Brandenberg et al. 2017 [48] (different outcomes)

• Eisner et al. 2018 [49] is the 3-year follow-up of the abovementioned study (different sample due to loss of follow-up)

• Laass et al. 2019 [50] is the 5-year follow-up of the abovementioned study (different sample due to loss of follow-up)

• Gallucci et al. 2011a and Gallucci et al. 2011b [51, 52] (different outcomes)

• Heierle et al. 2019 [53] is the 3 year follow-up of Thoma et al. 2018a [54] (different sample due to loss of follow-up)

• Thoma et al. 2016b [55] and Thoma et al. 2018b (different outcomes) [56]

• Kraus et al. 2019 [57] is the 3 year follow-up of Thoma et al. 2018b [56] (different sample size due to loss of follow-up)

• Wittneben et al. 2017 [58] and Wittneben et al. 2020 [59] (same sample size)

• Patil et al. 2014 [60] and Patil et al. 2016 [61] and Patil et al. 2017 [62] (different outcomes)

• Gil et al. 2017 [63] and Gil et al. 2019 [64] and Bittner et al. 2020 [65] (different outcomes)