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International Journal of Implant Dentistry
Fig. 5 | International Journal of Implant Dentistry

Fig. 5

From: Facile distribution of an alkaline microenvironment improves human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis on a titanium surface through the ITG/FAK/ALP pathway

Fig. 5

Fluorescence microscopy images of BMSCs cultured on SLA surfaces treated with different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate for 3 h (a), 6 h (b), and 24 h (c). Number of BMSCs in all groups at 3 and 6 h after cell seeding (d). The cellular area was measured with ImageJ for all groups at 3 and 6 h (e). Images were taken by selecting ten random areas, and data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001)

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