Fig. 1

The methodology used to measure bone defects in the CBCT. a For horizontal bone defects, the tomographic measurement was performed at three different points, and three horizontal lines recorded bone thickness at 5, 7, and 11 mm from the alveolar crest. b In regions close to the maxillary sinus with a horizontal deficiency in the remaining bone crest, the measurement was performed 5 mm from the bone crest. c Vertical bone defect measured from the viable edge of the alveolar crest to the lower alveolar nerve