Table 2 Characteristics of selected studies
Study | Treatment groups | No. of patients (age range) | No. of maxillary sinuses evaluated | Donor site for BMAC | Clinical findings/implant survival | Timing of biopsy | Histologic outcomes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
de Oliveira et al. [12] | SCG (BMAC obtained by single centrifugation and bone graft) DCG (BMAC obtained by double centrifugation and bone graft) Control (xenogenous bone graft alone) | 15 (mean age 55.4 years) | 21 | Posterior iliac crest | - 68 implants were placed in the previously grafted sites, and 100% osseointegrated - Loading was applied after 6 months | 6 months | Vital mineralized tissue: - SCG 38.44% - DCG 34.63% - Control 27.30% - Not statistically different Non-vital mineralized tissue: - SCG 13.70% - DCG 19.63% - Control 22.79% - Not statistically different | Non-mineralized tissue: - SCG 47.87% - DCG 45.73% - Control 49.90% - Not statistically different |
Pasquali et al. [7] | Test (BMAC and xenogenous bone graft) Control (xenogenous bone graft alone) | 8 (mean age 55.4 years) | 16 | Superior posterior iliac crest | - At least two implants were placed in each previously grafted sites, and all implants osseointegrated - Loading was applied after a 6-month healing period | 6 months | Vital mineralized tissue: - Test 55.15% - Control 27.30% - Statistically significant Non-vital mineralized tissue: - Test 6.32% - Control 22.79% - Statistically significant | Non-mineralized tissue: - Test 38.53% - Control 49.90% - Not statistically significant |
Payer et al. [2] | Test (porous bovine bone mineral together with tibial bone marrow aspirate) Control (bovine bone graft without any additive) | 6 (mean age 58.2 years) | 12 | Tibia | - 44 implants were stable and osseointegrated at radiographic and Periotest evaluation | 3 months 6 months | Newly formed bone: 3 months -Test 10.36% - Control 9.45% - Not statistically significant 6 months - Test 14.12% - Control 10.41% - Not statistically significant 3 and 6 months: - Not statistically significant | Bone-to-bone substitute contact: 3 months -Test 16.40% - Control 15.06% - Not statistically significant 6 months - Test 20.26% - Control 17.89% - Not statistically significant 3 and 6 months: - Not statistically significant |
Sauerbier et al. [11] | Open bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell isolation by synthetic poylsaccharide (FICOLL) method with bovine bone mineral (BBM) Closed bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) system with BBM | FICOLL group 4 (mean age 59.5 years) BMAC group 7 (mean age 55 years) | FICOLL group 6 BMAC group 12 | Superior posterior iliac spine | - 50 implants were placed (17 FICOLL group and 33 BMAC group) - Implant survival was evaluated after 1 year - No implant out of 17 was lost in the FICOLL group, before prosthetic loading - 1 implant out of 33 failed in the BMAC group, before prosthetic loading - No implant was lost after loading - All 49 osseointegrated implants were loaded and in function | 3 months | New bone formation: - FICOLL group 15.5%, - BMAC group 19.9%, - Not statistically significant Value of biomaterial: - FICOLL group 19.7% - BMAC group 31.9% Value of marrow space: - FICOLL group 64.8% - BMAC group 47.4% - Marrow space is significantly less for BMAC | |
Sauerbier et al. [14] | Test: bovine bone mineral (BMM) and BMAC Control 70% BBM and autogenous bone 30% harvested from the retromolar area | 25 test 11 control (mean age 56.6 years) | 34 test 11 control | Superior posterior iliac spine | Radiologic gain and augmented bone height: - Test 1.74% - Control 1.33% - Statistically significant | 3–4 months | New bone formation: - Test 12.6% - Control 14.3% - Not statistically significant | |
Wildburger et al. [15] | Test: bovine bone mineral (BBM) mixed with a concentrate harvested from the posterior iliac crest Control: BBM alone | 7 (mean age 58 years) | 14 | Superior posterior iliac crest | - 52 implants were placed - Average dental implant healing time was 4 months - Prosthetic treatment was achieved in all patients | 3 months 6 months | New bone formation: 3 months - Test 7.4% - Control 11.8% - Not statistically significant 6 months - Test 13.5% - Control 13.9% - Not statistically significant | Fraction of bovine bone material 3 months - Test 42.6% - Control 34.9% 6 months - Test 36.2%, - Control 39.5% |