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Table 1 Material properties
| Material | Modulus of elasticity (MPa) | Poisson ratio | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cortical bone | 140,000 | 0.3 | Kunavisarut et al. [26] |
| Cancellous bone | 7900 | 0.3 | Kunavisarut et al. [26] |
| Enamel | 80,000 | 0.3 | Korioth and Hannan [24] |
| Dentin | 17,600 | 0.25 | Korioth and Hannan [24] |
| Implant (titan) | 117,000 | 0.32 | Kunavisarut et al. [26] |
| Superstructure (gold alloy) | 94,000 | 0.3 | Van Zyl et al. [25], Kitamura et al. [28], Kobayashi et al. [27] |
| PDL phase1 | 0.33 | 0.3 | Kim et al. [23], Misch [22], Perfitt et al. [20], Miura et al. [21] |
| PDL phase 2 | 16 | 0.45 | Kim et al. [23], Misch [22], Perfitt et al. [20], Miura et al. [21] |
