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Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

From: Relation between the stability of dental implants and two biological markers during the healing period: a prospective clinical study

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

Patients aged 25–65 years

Presence of periodontal disease or periapical lesions

Ability to participate in this study

History of bone augmentation at the implant site in the past 6 months

No systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes, osteoporosis, hypertension, etc.)

History of tooth extraction at the implant site in the past 6 months

Nonsmokers

A need for submersion of an implant

No contraindication for minor oral surgery

Requirement for grafting of bone or soft tissue at the time of implant insertion

No psychosis or psychiatric disorders

Pregnancy or positive to pregnancy test

No uncontrolled bleeding disorders

Postmenopausal women

No bisphosphonate, hormone replacement, or corticosteroid drug use

Physical disorders which would interfere with the ability to maintain oral health care

No anti-inflammatory drug use for 6 months before surgery

 

Never received radiotherapy of the head and neck region

 

Adequate oral hygiene (average modified sulcus bleeding index ≤1, average modified plaque index ≤1)

 

Adequate bone volume to achieve the plan without other surgery (bone height ≥12 mm, bone width ≥7 mm)

 

Existing healthy contralateral posterior mandibular tooth