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Table 2 Clinical studies included

From: To what extent residual alveolar ridge can be preserved by implant? A systematic review

 

Patients

Intervention

Follow-up

Outcome

Study

Reference

No.

Agea

No. of implants

Position

Supra-structure

 

Change

Declarations

(DAVIS et al. 1999) [17]

44

61.2

NG

Symphyseal

Fixed

6.6 Ya

VBH (−.8 to +3.3 mm)

–

R

(Powers et al. 1994) [32]

146

52

NG

TMI

Fixed

18–51 M

BF (+2 to 9 mm)

–

R

(Adell et al. 1981) [58]

410

53

2768

NG

Removable bridges

5–9 Y

BR (+)

–

R

(Mericske-Stern et al. 2002) [35]

41

61.2

4–6

Maxillary

Removable overdentures

4.1 Ya

BD (+)

Associated with radiographically visible decrease of the crestal bone.

P

(Kwakman et al. 1997) [31]

36

60

NG

TMI

Denture with cantilever extension

2.3 Ya

BF (+)

–

R

(Sennerby et al. 1988) [72]

41

51.3

NG

Symphyseal

Oerdenture

7.1 Ya

BR (−)

Implant bony area vs CD

R

(Friberg et al. 2000) [20]

49

63

247

NG

Fixed prosthesis

8 Ya

BF (+)

At two most distal implants

R

(Adell et al. 1986) [19]

16

53

95

Maxillomandibular

Removable bridge

3 Ya

BR (+)

Indicating a successive load-related remodeling

P

(Kordatzis et al. 2003) [74]

150

NG

300

Symphyseal

Bar overdenture

5 Ya

BR (−1 mm)a

Less bone atrophy with OD vs CD.

R

(Woven & Gotfredsen 1998) [78]

22

65

NG

Symphyseal

Overdentures

5 Ya

BF (+)

BR (−)

Function related BF vs physiologic age-related BR

P

(Wright et al. 2002) [73]

44

53 Y, for overdenture and 64 Y for the fixed prosthesis

NG

NG

Overdentures and fixed prostheses

7.5 Ya

BR (−0.5 mm)a BF (+0.5 mm)a

OD and FD, respectively

R

(Shaarawy & Aboelross 2013) [92]

14

58

14 + 28

Symphyseal and 2 in the first molar area

Overdenture

1 Y

BD (+)

Incisal reduction of BD followed by gradual increase in BD

P

(Taylor 1989) [21]

1

50 Y (not a mean)

5

NG

Fixed

32 M

VBH (3 mm)

–

CR

(Oikarinen & Siirila 1992) [60]

1

41 Y

6

NG

Fixed

8 Ya

VBH (+)

Nearly the doubled new BF

CR

(Betts et al. 1993) [18]

19

NG

NG

TMI

Fixed

53 M

VBH (+1.8 mm)a

In the saddle area and the most distal screw

R

(Dhima et al. 2013) [33]

81

NG

NG

NG

Fixed

9a

BF (+0.94 mm)a

–

R

(Mosnegutu et al. 2015) [81]

82

NG

NG

NG

Overdenture

10.5 Ya

BR (±)

No relevant posterior bone atrophy after loading

P

(Cooper et al. 2008) [79]

59

NG

118

Parasymphyseal

Overdenture

60 M

BF (+)

–

P

  1. aAverage
  2. NG not given, TMI transmandibular implant, Y year, M month, BF bone formation, VBH vertical bone height, BR bone radiopacity, BD bone density, BR bone resorption, CD complete denture, OD overdenture, FD fixed denture, R retrospective, P prospective, CR case report, (+) increase, (−) decrease, (±) neutral