Table 3 Summary of findings from the included studies ( n  = 4)
From: Genomic analyses of early peri-implant bone healing in humans: a systematic review
Study | Ivanovski et al. [ 34 ] | Donos et al. [ 35 ] | Bryington et al. [ 36 ] | Thalji et al. [ 37 ] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Design | 9 patients; 9 implants placed | 18 patients; 18 implants placed | 10 patients; 60 implants placed | 11 patients; 44 implants placed |
Total RNA extracted from peri-implant tissue (trephine) | 16 samples analyzed | 42 samples analyzed | Total RNA extracted from implant adherent cells (reverse thread) | |
| Â | Total RNA extracted from peri-implant tissue (trephine) | Total RNA extracted from implant adherent cells (reverse thread) | Â | |
Surface | SLActive | SLA vs. SLActive | TiOBlast vs. Osseospeed | TiOBlast vs. Osseospeed |
GE day 3/4 | Upregulated | Upregulated on SLA | Upregulated on both surfaces | No significant differences between surfaces at any time point (P > 0.05) |
 CKs (TNF-a, IL-6, IL-2) |  Neurogenesis |  Osteogenesis (Runx2, Osx, BMP6, OPN) | Results presented as GE at day 7 vs. day 3 for each surface | |
 Immune-inflammatory cells (LC, MP) |  Collagen organization |  Inflammatory CKs (IL-1A,B, TNF) |  | |
 Inflammatory NF-kB p/w | Upregulated on SLActive |  MP activity | ||
|  |  Ras protein p/w | Upregulated on Osseospeed | ||
 Collagen organization |  Chemotaxis (CCL18, CXCL10, CXCL14) | |||
 CK response |  Anti-inflammatory CKs (TOLLIP, IL9, IL22) | |||
GE day 7 | Upregulated | Upregulated on both surfaces | Upregulated on both surfaces | Upregulated on both surfaces |
|  |  MSC genes (HOX, Sp3) |  Inflammatory CKs (IL1, IL2, IL6, TNFS) |  Osteogenesis (Runx2, Osx*, OCN*, OPN, BMP6, BSP) |  ECM (Coll, GPs, PGs) |
 GF (TGF-B receptor) |  Neurogenesis |  [* Osseo > TiOB; P < 0.05] |  Collagen organization (PLODs, LOX, PCOLCE) | |
 VEGF sig. (vs. day 14) |  Upregulated on SLActive |  |  Angiogenesis/VEGF sig. (ANXA, EPAS1) | |
 Wnt p/w |  Neurogenesis (BDNF, NTF3) |  Ossification | ||
Downregulated |  ECM (OPN) |  Remodeling (MMPs, TIMPs) | ||
 Inflammatory NF-kB p/w (vs. day 4) |  BMP p/w (BMP4, BMP2K) |  Osteoclastic (CTSK, ACP5) | ||
|  |  MAPK sig. |  Chemotaxis (CKs, MP activity) | ||
 Mineralization |  Anti-inflammatory CKs (CCL22, CCL18) | |||
 Focal adhesion (integrins) | Downregulated on both surfaces | |||
 Angiogenesis (VEGF sig., P13-Akt p/w) |  Inflammatory CKs (IL1A, IL1B) | |||
Downregulated on SLActive | Â | |||
 Inflammatory cells (LC) | ||||
GE day 14 | Upregulated | Upregulated on both surfaces | - | |
 ECM (Coll, OC, ON, ALP) |  BMP p/w (BMP4, BMP2K) |  | ||
 TFs (Osx, Dlx5, Twist1, Smad6) | Downregulated on both surfaces |  | ||
 Remodeling (MMP, CTSK) |  Inflammatory cells (LC) |  | ||
 GFs (BMP, GDF) |  |  | ||
 Angiogenesis (VEGF sig.) |  | |||
 Neurogenesis |  | |||
 TGF-b/BMP, Notch p/w |  | |||
 Ras protein p/w |  | |||
 Wnt-receptor genes |  | |||
 Notch genes (up/down) |  | |||
Downregulated | Â | |||
 Inflammatory response (vs. day 7) |  |