Table 3 Quality assessment of the risk of bias in the methodology of the studies incorporated in this systematic review was assessed based on a modified short version of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) (+ = yes, − = no)
From: Magnetic resonance imaging in dental implant surgery: a systematic review
Checklist | Gray et al., 1998 (21) | Hassfeld et al., 2001 (22) | Imamura et al., 2004 [24] | Senel et al., 2006, [34] | Pompa et al., 2010 [23] | Burger et al., 2015 [55] | Probst et al., 2017 [52] | Laurino et al., 2020 [32] | Arabi et al., 2020 [54] | Probst et al., 2020 [13] | Hilgenfeld et al., 2020 [42] | Flügge et al., 2021 [33] | Schwindling et al., 2021, [56] | Grandoch et al., 2021 [31] | Schwindling et al., 2021, [44] | Al-Haj Husain et al., 2023 [17] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Objectives: clearly formatted | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Study design: described in detail | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Settings: described in terms of location; and relevant dates | −; − | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + |
Participants: eligibility criteria; and methods of selection described | −; − | −; − | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + |
Bias: any efforts to address potential sources of bias described | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Sample size: explanation of derivation; adequate | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; − | + ; + | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; + | −; + |
Statistical Methods: described; appropriate for data | −; + | + ; + | + ; + | −; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + |
Participants: described | − | + | + | + | − | − | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Outcome data: number of outcome events reported | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Other analysis: any other analyses conducted reported | − | + | − | − | − | − | + | − | − | − | + | − | − | + | + | − |
Limitations: limitations of the study; and any potential bias discussed | −; + | + ; + | −; + | −; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + | + ; + |
Interpretation: overall interpretation of results provided | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
External validity: generalizability of the results discussed | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Total out of 18 (percentage) | 9 (50%) | 15 (83%) | 15 (83%) | 14 (78%) | 15 (83%) | 15 (83%) | 17 (94%) | 17 (94%) | 16 (89%) | 16 (89%) | 17 (94%) | 16 (89%) | 16 (89%) | 17 (94%) | 17 (94%) | 16 (89%) |